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Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 05:22:51 +0800
Subject: REALITY STINGS: UN REPORTS JELLYFISH 'BLOOMS' MAY ENDANGER
FISH STOCKS THO WMO PAGE FROM HONG KONG PIXEL ARE HACK INTO IN ORDER
TO MONITOR SALINITY CHANGES FROM GALES
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From: UNNews <UNNews@un.org>
Date: 30 May 2013 14:00:00 -0400
Subject: REALITY STINGS: UN REPORTS JELLYFISH 'BLOOMS' MAY ENDANGER FISH STOCKS
To: news11@ny-mail-p-lb-028.ptc.un.org
REALITY STINGS: UN REPORTS JELLYFISH 'BLOOMS' MAY ENDANGER FISH
STOCKSNew York, May 30 2013 2:00PMSurges in jellyfish populations due
to overfishing may be one of the reasons behind the drop in fish
stocks observed in the Mediterranean and Black Sea, according to a new
United Nations report which
<"http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/176874/icode/">argues for
including jellyfish in fisheries management.
Overfishing removes top predators from the sea helping to create
conditions where jellyfish "blooms", or suddenly increased numbers,
according to the report published by the UN Food and Agriculture
Organisation's (FAO) General Fisheries Commission for the
Mediterranean.
The <I><"http://www.fao.org/docrep/017/i3169e/i3169e.pdf">Review of
Jellyfish Blooms in the Mediterranean and Black Sea</I> advocates
incorporating jellyfish research into fisheries management, "Normally,
only the impact of human fishing activities is taken into account in
setting sustainable fishing limits, but jellyfish can also have a high
impact."
According to the report, an increased number of jellyfish in the
waters creates a "vicious cycle" where the jellyfish increasingly prey
on fish eggs and larvae, and compete for the same food source as the
fish stock already depleted by overfishing.
If the trend continues, jellyfish could supplant fish in the world's
oceans, according to some experts cited in the FAO report who speak of
"a global regime shift from a fish to a jellyfish ocean."
In addition to overfishing, the report's authors note the impact of
global warming which enhances the species that thrive at tropical
latitudes to span out, and the prevalent use of sea walls – built to
prevent coastal erosion – which are ideal habitats for some jellyfish.
The impact of jellyfish was demonstrated in the early 1980s when
Mnemiopsis leidyi, a jellyfish species known as the "Sea Walnut" and
normally resident on the Atlantic, was accidentally introduced into
the Black Sea and had such "overwhelming" impact on fish populations
that fisheries were put "on their knees."
According to media reports, by 1989, the population reached its
highest level with some 400 specimens per m³ of water or more than 10
animals per cubic foot of water. The jellyfish ate up a commercially
important type of anchovy, preying on the larvea and young, as well as
the anchovy's food source.
The problem was resolved after another invader species, the Beroe
ovate, which feeds on Mnemiopsis, also arrived in the Black sea, which
rebalanced the predator-prey dynamic.
In another example, the Pelagia noctiluca jellyfish, known commonly as
"the mauve stinger" coupled with overpopulation, contributed to fish
populations dropping in the Adriatic about 30 years ago.
More recently, according to a media report in November 2007, a
10-square-mile (26 km2) swarm of the jellyfish wiped out a 100,000
fish salmon farm in Northern Ireland causing some $1.5 million worth
of damage
Among other measures to prevent or cope with jellyfish blooms, the
report urges using jellyfish products for food and medicine.
China is among the first countries to process jellyfish for human
consumption, particularly the edible Rhopilema esculentum, and
represents a multi-million-dollar sea food business in Asia.
Other jellyfish, such as the "immortal jellyfish" or Turritopsis
nutricula, capable of reversing its ageing process, holds out the
promise of developing powerful rejuvenation products for humans.May 30
2013 2:00PM
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